Installation of Camera In Harsh Environment

In this article, our aim to provide you some basic information about same standard which determine the outdoor working reliability. Outdoor Security cameras must be able to continue working properly. To achieve this, the security cameras must can effectively withstand in harsh conditions - such as rain, dust, wind, sand, salt, extreme hot and cold temperature etc. Many factors determine the camera whether they are suitable for specific outdoor critical environments.

1.       WEATHERPROOF STANDARD - INGRESS PROTECTION (IP)

To let user know whether certain products are suitable for certain conditions, some international organizations set standards that can indicate how effectively product can work in environment prone to water, dust, explosion and impact. Ingress protection is the most widely used one standard.

IP stands for ingress protection which is a standard (IEC-529) that specify how caable equipment can withstand the ingress, or entry, of dust or water. An IP is usually consisted of two numerals, the first digital indicates the level of protection that the enclosure provides against access to hazardous parts (e.g. electrical conductors, moving parts) and the ingress of solid foreign objects, the second digital indicates the protection of the equipment inside the enclosure against harmful ingress of water. For harsh environment, the security camera should be rated IP66 to IP68 as opposed to IP32 to IP54 for indoor environment.

2.       IMPACT PROTECTION - IK RATING

IK or impact protection, is the standard that specify degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment against external mechanical impacts in accordance with IEC 62262:2002 and IEC 60068-2-75:1997. IK rating system ranges from IK00, or no protection, to IK10, or protection against 20 joules impact, equivalent to impact of 5kg mass dropped from 400 mm above impacted surface. Typically, vandal-proof security cameras utilizes high impact polycarbonate plastic dome. Tamper-resistant screws make the unit resistant to vandalism.

3.       SURGE PROTECTION

The majority of all surge-induced damage is caused by surges and spikes travelling along unprotected video, data, and power lines. These surges originally come from a wide variety of sources, including lightning strikes and static charge buildup. Surge protection can provide protection for both IP video surveillance and analog video surveillance systems which include front-end cameras, data lines, power lines, back-end storage DVR, NVR, as well as PoE switches. When security cameras are installed outdoor, extra surge protection is essential, surge protection is a smart investment in preventing not only equipment loss, but the potential loss of critical information.

4.       EXTREME LOW/HIGH TEMPERATURE

Users also need to consider the temperature factor if the camera is installed in extreme hot or low temperature degrees environment, the security cameras should be able to withstand these conditions. While typical security camera ought to have a working temperature range from -10 to 60 degrees Celsius, critical environment products should be able to work in a range between -40 and 70 degrees Celsius. Some IP cameras has built-in heater and fan to maintain the camera's inner temperature therefore allows camera to work in an extreme high/low environments.

5.       OTHER CUTTING-EDGE TECHNOLOGIES

Many other new technologies which has been implemented into security camera to enable them work in places that subject to danger or extreme weather conditions. Pelco by Scheider Electric released a series of products that have capability to withstand water and dust ingress, fog, high and low temperatures, winds of up to 57 meters per second, explosions, and corrosion by salt and different types of chemicals.

Many different technologies have been utilized to make those features possible. For example, some products feature the pressurized integrated optics cartridge (IOC) technology, which is able to protect the equipment from moisture and airborne contaminants and packages an auto-focus camera, lens, heater, and sensors in a small, self-contained, and sealed unit. Another cutting-edge technology is Dry nitrogen pressurized to 10 pounds per square inch gauge (PSIG), which protects the environment inside the cartridge, whereby sensors strategically placed in the cartridge send an alert message if changes in pressure, humidity, or temperature are beyond factory-set threshold points.

Some security cameras also feature heater, window defroster, sun shroud, and thermal insulation blanket to enable operation in temperature conditions ranging from as low as -46 degrees Celsius to over 49. In case the power failure during an ice store, the entire camera can deice itself and become operational in just two hours after power restore at a temperature as as -25 degrees Celsius.

Tukang Ngeblog | August 14, 2015 | DVR, IK, IK RATING, IK10, IMPACT PROTECTION, INGRESS PROTECTION, IOC, IP, IP66, IP68, NVR, PoE, PSIG, SURGE PROTECTION, WEATHERPROOF STANDARD

Read More >>

Power Over Ethernet - Way to Go

Power Over Ethernet May Be The Way to Go

Power over Ethernet (PoE) is a technology that powers a remote Ethernet device by transferring electrical power over the same standard twisted-pair Ethernet cable that used to also send Ethernet data communication.

Here are some benefits to using PoE:

Simple – A single cable can supply power and network connection
Space – Only one set of wires to deal with saves space and simplifies installation
Maintenance – Easier to deal with low voltage issues
Easy –Very easy install cameras and extend your network
Reach – Supports longer camera runs with Ethernet cable (ft.)
Savings – Cost savings on many levels (installs, labor, etc)
Look into Power over Ethernet injectors or switches to assist you in transmitting electrical power, along with data, to remote devices over your network. The benefits could be endless!

There are two main types of PoE, active and passive.

1. Active PoE is standardized by the IEEE 802.3af (PoE) and 802.3at (PoE+ which provides more power). Active PoE requires negotiation between the device and the power source. Double check if this matters, but I am pretty sure this is supported to the supported length of cable for ethernet of the particular type (100Mbps or gigabit). Active PoE is mostly the domain of enterprise stuff. It's not generally inexpensive. In general[1] you can plug a non 802.3af/at PoE device in to network port that has power being provided to on that standard and all will be fine.



Typical Application





2. Passive PoE is simplistic and simply uses a pair of the 8 wires in an ethernet cable for running power. How much power this can provide and how far the device can be from the power source varies wildly. There are some "standards" but they are by convention rather than formalized. It's generally bad (tm) to plug a device that is not expecting passive PoE in to a port that is powered as such. If you have a well designed network device, it might not fry the device, but it really shouldn't work.

In standard cat-5 cabling for 10Mbit or 100Mbit Ethernet only 4 of the 8 wires are actually used.

Power over Ethernet is a technique to use the unused pairs: (4,5 and 8,7) to carry DC power to the device.

Some devices contain the circuitry to actually be powered directly; in other cases you need to split the power off the Ethernet cabling and feed it into the equipment the normal way.

Intel, Ayaya, Orinoco, Wavelan, 3Com and Symbol use 4,5 = ground and 7,8 is positive

Cisco aironet use 7,8 = ground, 4,5 = positive.

RJ45 Pin #	Wire Color	10Base-T Signal	PoE
	(T568A)	100Base-TX Signal
1	White/Green	Transmit (+)	Mode A +
2	Green	Transmit (-)	Mode A +
3	White/ Orange	Receive (+)	Mode A -
4	Blue	Unused	Mode B +
5	White/ Blue	Unused	Mode B +
6	Orange	Receive (-)	Mode A -
7	White/ Brown	Unused	Mode B -
8	Brown	Unused	Mode B -
Power over Ethernet Pinout
Same As The Straight-Through Cable Pinout for T568A

It eliminates the need for power outlets at the camera locations and enables easier application of uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) to ensure 24 hours a day, 7 days a week operation.

PoE technology is regulated in a standard called IEEE 802.3af and is designed in a way that does not degrade the network data communication performance or decrease the network reach. The power delivered over the LAN infrastructure is automatically activated when a compatible terminal is identified, and blocked to legacy devices that are not compatible. This feature allows users to freely and safely mix legacy and PoE-compatible devices, on their network.

The standard provides power up to 15.4W on the switch or midspan side, which translates to a maximum power consumption of 12.9W on the device/camera side - making it suitable for indoor cameras. Outdoor cameras as well as PTZ and dome cameras have a power consumption that normally exceeds this, making PoE functionality less suitable. Some manufacturers also offer non-standard proprietary products providing suitable power for these applications as well,but it should be noted that since these are non-standard products, no interoperability between different brands is possible. The 802.3af standard also provides support for so-called power classification, which allows for a negotiation of power consumption between the PoE unit and the devices. This means an intelligent switch can reserve sufficient, and not superfluous, power for the device (camera) - with the possible result that the switch could enable more PoE outputs.

Tukang Ngeblog | March 14, 2015 | Camera PoE, IEEE 802.3af, IEEE 802.3af or IEEE 802.3at, IP Camera, PoE, PoE injector

Read More >>

Seven Advantages of IP or Network Camera Surveillance System

Seven Advantages of IP / Network Camera Surveillance System

1, the advancement: system use existing integrated wiring network transmission of images, and real-time surveillance. The system front-end equipment, attachment is concise, the back-end and only a set of software system.

2, reliability: the main equipment of WDR PoE network IP camera adopted embedded real-time operating system, the required equipment is simple, and image transmission is implemented through integrated wiring network, the reliability of the system is high.

3, price performance ratio: the required equipment system is extremely simple, system control by the backend software system implementation, eliminating the traditional analog surveillance system of a large number of devices, as a result of the image transmission through the network integrated wiring, saves a lot of video coaxial cable, reducing the cost.

4, security: system set up different levels of user permissions, only the highest authority of the user to set or change to the whole system, without permission of the user is receiving less than the image.

5, easy maintenance: the 3 megapixel waterproof IR h.264 CMOS IP camera installation of the system is simple, installation and use of the software system is also very simple. In the aspect of maintenance, system wiring is very simple, and the reliability of the main equipment is very high, maintain good performance, and can realize remote maintenance.

6, easy extension: when the need to increase surveillance points, surveillance host, only need to add 3MP outdoor vandalproof HD wdr dome camera can be through the existing network, without the need to change existing wiring system what to do.

7, wide range of application: using the network transmit real-time image, such as office, building inter-district remote surveillance: chain business, large factory room, the distal child care for the elderly, public building, there is no dangerous environment surveillance, surveillance, traffic regulation of all financial institutions branch, false alarms distinguishing, etc.

Tukang Ngeblog | February 01, 2015 | Full HD, H.264, HD, IP Camera, Network camera, PoE, WDR

Read More >>

Fiber media converters For Video Surveillance Cameras

As a kind of Media Converter, Fiber media converters this known as fiber transceivers or Ethernet media converters, are quite obvious networking devices those make it possible for connecting two dissimilar media types such as twisted pair Cat-5 or Cat-6 cable with fiber optic cabling. They may be essential in interconnecting fiber optic cabling-based systems with existing copper-based, structured cabling systems. Fiber ethernet media converters support many different communication protocols including Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, as well as multiple cabling types such as twisted pair, multi-mode and single-mode fiber optics. Fiber media converters can connect different Local area network (LAN) media, modifying duplex and speed settings.

For video security and surveillance professionals, analog video-based CCTV systems have been the tried-and-true technology for many years. However, these same professionals are the first to recognize the migration of Ethernet into new applications beyond the typical office LAN and how Ethernet is playing a role and introducing new challenges to video security networking.

For years, Transition Networks has been talking about the benefit of fiber optic cabling and how media converters can provide a cost effective method of deploying fiber in local area networks and overcome the limitations and drawbacks of copper UTP cabling. These same benefits can be realized by security and surveillance professionals when they integrate fiber into their video networks.

For example, switching media converters can connect legacy 10BASE-T network segments to more modern 100BASE-TX or 100BASE-FX Fast Ethernet infrastructure. For instance, existing Half-Duplex hubs may be attached to 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet network segments over 100BASE-FX fiber. When expanding the reach with the LAN to span multiple locations, fiber transceivers are useful in connecting multiple LANs to form one large campus area network that spans more than a wide geographic area.

Fiber media converters support a variety of data communication protocols including Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, T1/E1/J1, DS3/E3, as well as multiple cabling types for example coax, twisted pair, multi-mode and single-mode fiber optics. Media Converter types range from small standalone devices and PC card converters to high port-density chassis systems offering many advanced features for network management.

On some devices, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) enables proactive management of link status, monitoring chassis environmental statistics and sending traps to network managers in case of a fiber break or perhaps link loss on the copper port.

 

Fiber media converters can connect different Local area network (LAN) media, modifying duplex and speed settings. Switching media converters can connect legacy 10BASE-T network segments to more recent 100BASE-TX or 100BASE-FX Fast Ethernet infrastructure. For instance, existing Half-Duplex hubs can be linked to 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet network segments over 100BASE-FX fiber.

When expanding the reach of the LAN to span multiple locations, media converters are of help in connecting multiple LANs to make one large campus area network that spans more than a limited geographic area. As premises networks are primarily copper-based, media converters can extend the reach from the LAN over single-mode fiber approximately 130 kilometers with 1550 nm optics.

The coaxial cabling utilized in analog CCTV networks suffers from transmission distance issues. The accepted distance for coax is 185 meters. While this has worked well in the past, the demands for increasing the surveillance coverage have pushed camera locations beyond the standard distances.

As for Ethernet and IP cameras, this distance is even more restrictive at 100 meters. Offering transmission over greater distances, fiber cabling is starting to play a signifigant role in surveillance networks. Fiber cabling supports transmission distances up to 2km on multimode fiber without the need for repeaters or signal boosters - with even greater distances available on single mode fiber.

Indoor applications with florescent lights, electric motors, and other sources of electromagnetic interference (EMI) along with sources of radio frequency interference (RFI) can cause disruptions and poor picture quality issues for video over Coax and UTP cabling. The transmission from cameras located outdoors is susceptible to these same conditions as well as the effect from electrical/lightening storms. Due to the nature of how data is transmitted over fiber optic cabling, it does an excellent job of blocking

this electrical interference and protecting the quality of the data.

Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) technology in the LAN is very beneficial in situations where fiber is at limited supply or expensive for provision. In addition to conventional dual strand fiber converters, with separate receive and transmit ports, there are also single strand fiber converters, which can extend full-duplex data transmission approximately 70 kilometers more than one optical fiber.

Other benefits of media conversion include providing a gentle migration path from copper to fiber. Fiber connections can help to eliminate electromagnetic interference. Also fiber media converters pose being a cheap solution for many who need it switches for use with fiber along with have enough money to pay for them, they can buy ordinary switches and make use of fiber media converters to make use of making use of their fiber network.

As a fiber optic media converter, you can use it anywhere in the network to integrate newer technology with existing equipment to support new applications, technologies and future growth. Fiber Converters are key aspects of Optical Networking because its long distance operation, high bandwidth capacity and reliablity make fiber optics probably the most desired channel for data communications. Instead of costly, across-the-board upgrades, media converters can extend the productive lifetime of the existing cabling along with the active equipment. FiberStore offers a wide variety of professional fiber optic media converters for Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, Serial Datacom interfaces and E1 or T1 voice/data communications.

  

To aid in the deployment of fiber in these security and surveillance networks, Transition Networks has specifically designed a copper to fiber media converter for analog video applications. These converters are available to support both fixed-focus cameras as well as pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras. As IP cameras begin to replace analog cameras, traditional Ethernet media converters can be used for the fiber integration. Most IP cameras also support power-over-Ethernet (PoE) technology which makes installation of the cameras easier since the camera can be powered over the UTP Ethernet cable. PoE switches, PoE injectors, and PoE media converters are all available to create the functional network needed in today’s hybrid video security and surveillance applications.

Also Visit: http://arindamcctvaccesscontrol.blogspot.in/2013/12/the-role-of-fiber-in-video-networks_1043.html

Tukang Ngeblog | June 21, 2014 | 100BASE-FX, 10BASE-T, CAT5, CAT6, Data Rs 485, fiber media, media converter, Patch Cord, PoE, Speed Dome, Terminating Box, UTP

Read More >>